September 01, 2024; 22nd Sunday in Ordinary Time (Year B)

Readings: Deut. 4:1-2,6-8; Jas. 1:17-18, 21-22, 27; Mk. 7:1-8, 14-15, 21-23 

What comes out of a person is what defiles. 

Some years ago, I lit a purple instead of the rose candle on the third Sunday of Advent. A parishioner was so upset that it affected her participation at Mass. She confronted me about it after Mass. I told her that the color of the candle we light at Mass does not matter to God so long as our hearts are at peace with God and others. She was even more angry and pointedly told me, ‘Well, if you do not know which candle color to light, you should not have been ordained a priest.’ That was shocking. What does the color of the candle have to do with the worship of God? Lighting a candle is a mere ritual and nothing more.  So, do we worship God with our hearts, or are we simply observing the rituals? Must we always do things as ‘it was in the beginning’ and not question why we do them? Are we paying lip service to God or doing things that will deepen our relationship with God? Let us not be afraid to question traditions and rituals, our beliefs, and challenge our assumptions.

The gospel tells us of the Pharisees and scribes who came from Jerusalem to Galilee to observe Jesus and ensure that he did everything according to their laws. They observed rightly “That some of his disciples ate their meals with unclean, that is, unwashed hands. For the Pharisees and, in fact, all Jews, do not eat without carefully washing their hands, keeping the traditions of the elders.” To them, Jesus said, “Well did Isaiah prophesy about you hypocrites, as it is written: ‘This people honors me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me, teaching as doctrines human precepts. You disregard God’s commandments but cling to human tradition.” (Mk. 7:5-7)

Jesus would later ask his disciples, “Do you not realize that everything that goes into a person from outside cannot defile, since it enters not the heart but the stomach and passes out into the latrine? But what comes out of a person, that is what defiles. From within people, from their hearts, come evil thoughts, unchastity, theft, murder, adultery, greed, malice, deceit, licentiousness, envy, blasphemy, arrogance, folly. All these evils come from within, and they defile.” (Mk. 7:18-23) It is funny that some Christians focus on the rituals rather than the worship of God. It is easier to think of things and how they are done than of people and how to help them. It is easier to think of how to do things right in the Church than how to be right with God and one another. Little wonder why the Psalmist asked, “Lord, who may abide in your tent? Who may dwell on your holy mountain?” (Ps. 15:1). According to the Psalmist, here are the qualities needed to be admitted into God’s presence: “Whoever walks without blame, doing what is right, speaking truth from the heart; Who does not slander a neighbor, does no harm to another, never defames a friend; Who disdains the wicked, but honors those who fear the Lord; Who keeps an oath despite the cost, lends no money at interest, accepts no bribe against the innocent. Whoever acts like this shall never be shaken.” (Ps. 15:2-5). These are the sons and daughters of the kingdom of heaven. They are the poor in spirit, the peacemakers, the meek, the merciful, and the clean of heart. They seek to please God and their neighbors and worship God in spirit and in truth. They will inherit the kingdom of God. (Mt. 5)  

In the second reading, St. James reminds us, “All good giving and every perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of lights.” (James 1:17). We should strive to live by God’s law, being doers of the word and not hearers only, deluding ourselves. Because “Religion that is pure and undefiled before God and the Father is this: to care for orphans and widows in their affliction and to keep oneself unstained by the world.” (James 1:27). Isaiah also stressed this point thus: “This, rather, is the fasting that I wish: releasing those bound unjustly, untying the thongs of the yoke; setting free the oppressed, breaking every yoke; sharing your bread with the hungry, sheltering the oppressed and the homeless; Clothing the naked when you see them and not turning your back on your own.” (Is. 58:6-7). In summary, faith without good works is dead.

In the first reading, Moses reminded the children of Israel that God’s law was a gift that would give evidence of wisdom and intelligence “To the nations, who will hear of these statutes and say, ‘This great nation is truly a wise and intelligent people.’ For what great nation is there that has gods so close to it as the Lord, our God is to us whenever we call upon him”. God is close to us when we keep his law of love. When we worship God in spirit and in truth, we can’t but come to the aid of those in need, and God’s love will be perfected in us. Hearing the word of God is good, but putting it into practice is even better. Going to Church, praying the rosary, fasting, and spending a long time in Church are all good and excellent and worthy on their own. Still, good works should accompany them: helping the poor, forgiving injuries, being compassionate, showing mercy, and helping in ministries of the parish according to our gifts. This is the worship that pleases God. It will purify our hearts against the things that defile us. When we love God in spirit and in truth, we will find joy in genuinely loving others from our hearts because we love God that much.

Rev. Augustine Etemma Inwang, MSP.

August 25, 2024; 21st Sunday in Ordinary Time (Year B)

Readings: Jos. 24:1-2, 15-17; Eph. 5:21-32; Jn. 6:60-69 

A Teaching Too Hard to Understand

In his album, ‘Mama Africa,’ Peter Tosh, the Jamaican reggae star, sang: “All my life I’ve been a lonely man teaching people who don’t understand. Even though I tried my best, I still can’t find happiness.” How do you teach a lazy person the virtue of hard work? How do you teach a beggar to stop begging and get a job? How do you teach a substance abuser or an alcoholic to be sober? How do you tell a debtor to manage his resources well and stop taking loans? Teaching people to change and pursue a better life can be challenging. They will say your teaching is too hard to understand if you do. They will leave you and go to those enabling their bad habits and behaviors.

Jesus could not, no matter how hard he tried, convince some of his followers to change their way of life. For five weeks, He has been teaching his disciples that unless they ate his body and drank his blood, they would not have life in them. Christ showed the importance of food for their bodies by multiplying five loaves and two fish to feed thousands. He stressed that as bread was important to satisfy their physical hunger, so was his body and blood for their souls. Christ urged them to dig deeper and go for something that will endure. “Do not work for food that perishes but for the food that endures for eternal life, which the Son of Man will give you.” To the woman at the well, he said, “If you knew the gift of God and who is saying to you, ‘Give me a drink,’ you would have asked him, and he would have given you living water. Everyone who drinks this water will be thirsty again, but whoever drinks the water I shall give will never thirst; the water I shall give will become in him a spring of water welling up to eternal life.” (Jn. 4:13-14). Jesus is the only one who can guarantee us eternal happiness.

In the first reading, Joshua encourages the children of Israel to choose who to follow. “If it does not, please you to serve the Lord, decide today whom you will serve, the gods your fathers served beyond the River or the gods of the Amorites in whose country you are dwelling. As for me and my household, we will serve the Lord.” He told them to follow God or the pagan gods. The choice was theirs! The tribes of Israel, now in the Promised Land, are depicted as having at last defeated their enemies. They stand before their new leader, Joshua, who recounted all the adventures of their forefathers from the time of Abraham, some five hundred years down to the present. They were only successful because God led them throughout their exploits. He led their fathers into the land of Canaan and down into Egypt, brought them out of the land of bondage, through the wilderness, and now once again into the land of promise. Having told them their history, Joshua told them to choose the gods they would serve. But that regardless of their choice, he and his household would serve the Lord.

Christ demanded the same choice from his disciples with his discourse on the bread of life. He stressed that his Body and Blood would satisfy their hearts’ yearning. He promised them eternal life and assured them, “Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him on the last day. For my flesh is true food, and my blood is true drink. Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood remains in me, and I in him.” (Jn. 6:54-56). And yet, Christ did not force them to accept his teaching. He respected their freedom to reject or to take his teaching. Some of his followers thought the teaching was too complicated and could not accept it anymore, so they stopped following him. But Christ did not persuade them to stay back, nor did he try to stop them. He respected the exercise of their freedom. Rather he asked his apostles, “Do you also want to leave?” It was their call. But they chose to stay. “Simon Peter answered him, “Master, to whom shall we go? You have the words of eternal life. We have come to believe and are convinced that you are the Holy One of God.”

We made the same commitment on the day of Baptism. We promised to follow the Lord and obey his word. We pledged to reject Satan and all his works and all his empty promises. But we are not always faithful and committed to God. We have eaten his Body and drank his Blood, but we don’t always believe that he will give us life eternal. We have often said one thing and done the exact opposite. Today, we must make a choice. Let us renew our Baptismal promises to be faithful and committed to Christ, who will satisfy our every need. His teaching may be challenging, but we must follow the path that leads to righteousness. There is only one way to God. And Christ is that way.

Rev. Augustine Etemma Inwang, MSP.

August 11, 2024. 19th Sunday in Ordinary Time (Year B)

Readings: 1 Kgs. 19:4-8; Eph. 4:30-5:2; Jn. 6:41-51 

Whoever eats the Bread will live forever

Imagine being told that someone in the nearby city guarantees freedom from pain, sickness, and death and assures you eternal life. Imagine many people, including yourself, rushing to that city to meet that person with great expectations because you want to live forever. When you finally see the person, you discover that you know him, are close to his family, and even go to the same school as his brothers and sisters. You knew the parents well before they relocated. You always saw him working with his father in their family business. This is not just a stranger making grand promises but someone you know intimately. So, this is the man who promises the whole world eternal life? He told people that God sent him and that God was his father. You would be right to assume that he had a mental problem; he is delusional and needs a psychiatric evaluation. You would not want to have anything to do with that man.

That was precisely how some Jews felt about Jesus. They knew him. “Is this not Jesus, the son of Joseph? Do we not know his father and mother? Then how can he say, ‘I have come down from heaven’?’” (Jn. 6:42). Jesus had to constantly establish his identity to win the approval of his people. “He came to his native place and taught the people in their synagogue. They were astonished and said, “Where did this man get such wisdom and mighty deeds? Is he not the carpenter’s son? Is not his mother named Mary and his brothers James, Joseph, Simon, and Judas? Are not his sisters all with us? Where did this man get all this? And they took offense at him.” (Mat. 13:54-57). Jesus’ language was strange and difficult for them to understand. His way of life was different. His message was mercy, love, forgiveness, and compassion. They got stuck in the ‘here and now’ and missed out on the ‘hereafter.’ Little wonder they murmured about Jesus because he said, “I am the bread that came down from heaven.” (Jn. 6:41).

If we dwell on the credentials and experiential knowledge of Jesus and his origin, we miss the essential truth about his teaching. It is an act of faith to believe in the one who sent him: “No one can come to me unless the father, who sent me, draws him, and I will raise him on the last day.” ‘Look beyond the bread you eat and the wine you drink to see the Savior and your Lord, and his love poured out as blood.’ God gave his Son as bread for the salvation of the world. Jesus affirms this when he says, “I am the living bread that came down from heaven; whoever eats this bread will live forever; and the bread that I will give is my flesh for the life of the world.”

In the first reading, Elijah, who was hungry, tired, and depressed, had had enough: “Take my life, for I am no better than my fathers.” In his moment of vulnerability, God showed up and commanded him to “Get up and eat, else the journey will be too long for you!” After eating the food of the angel, Elijah was nourished and strengthened, his energy was restored, his depression lifted, and his faith in God renewed. He was strong again to face the trials of life. He had a reason to live again. With zeal and zest for life, he could now walk 40 days and 40 nights to meet the Lord. The new song in his heart could as well be: ‘Because you live, I can see tomorrow.’ God was carrying him on an eagle’s wings. If we have faith in God and Jesus Christ, his Son, we will want for nothing. Christ assures us, I am the bread of life; whoever eats the bread will live forever, for my body is real food and my blood is real drink; whoever eats this bread will live forever, and I will raise him on the last day. God always provides for his people when they least expect him. He gave them manna from heaven and water from the rock and brought them to the promised land. As the Lord fed Elijah, so does he feed and nourish us with food for our journey. Jesus, the bread of life, will sustain us on our earthly journey till we meet him in the new Jerusalem.

As a community of God’s people, we are fed by his body and blood. This food will nourish and change us into a people of God. His body and blood will prevent sin and make us humble and honest. Hence, St. Paul admonishes us to let our lives be compatible with our participation in the body of Christ. He urges us to live in peace with one another. Therefore, “All bitterness, fury, anger, shouting, and reviling must be removed from you, along with all malice. And be kind to one another, compassionate, forgiving one another as God has forgiven you in Christ.” We must satisfy the hunger of one another for truth, justice, and peace. We must provide a meal of brotherhood and companionship to others needing comfort, love, and mercy. Let us create a fraternal community where all are called to build the kingdom of God on earth. May we be renewed on our pilgrim journey to our everlasting kingdom with God. Amen.

Rev. Augustine Etemma Inwang, MSP.